⚛️ Scientific Constants

Fundamental physical constants used in science and engineering.

Constant Symbol Value
Speed of Lightc299,792,458 m/s
Planck Constanth6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s
Reduced Planck Constantħ1.054571817 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s
Avogadro's NumberNₐ6.02214076 × 10²³ mol⁻¹
Boltzmann Constantk1.380649 × 10⁻²³ J/K
Gas ConstantR8.314462618 J/mol·K
Gravitational ConstantG6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ m³/kg·s²
Standard Gravityg9.80665 m/s²
Atmospheric Pressureatm101,325 Pa
Electron Massmₑ9.1093837 × 10⁻³¹ kg
Proton Massmₚ1.6726219 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
Neutron Massmₙ1.6749275 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
Elementary Chargee1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ C
Fine Structure Constantα7.29735256 × 10⁻³

All values are from CODATA 2018 recommended values.

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